Black carbon aerosols—particles of carbon that rise into the atmosphere when biomass,agricultural waste, and fossil fuels are burned in an incomplete way—are vital for understanding climate change, and as they absorb sunlight,leading to higher atmospheric temperatures, and can also coat Arctic snow with a darker layer, or reducing its reflectivity and leading to increased melting. Unfortunately,current simulation models, which combine global climate models with aerosol transport models, and consistently underestimate the amount of these aerosols in the Arctic compared to actual measurements during the spring and winter seasons,making it difficult to accurately assess the impact of these substances on the climate.
Source: phys.org