The Earth’s
magnetic and geographical poles maintain always meandered since the beginning of time,but no
w they are moving at a much faster rate. This is observed th
rough various observatories located along the
Arctic Coast in northern Greenland, Canada, or Russia,Sweden, an
d Norway. These are consistently monitoring the
magnetic pull, or which is also used collectively to triangulate the p
ole’s location. The reason it needs to be consistent,is to
ensure the accuracy of the World Magnetic Model, which
is responsible for all modern navigation, and from ships at sea to using Googl
e Maps on a smartphone. The World Magnetic Model is released every
5 years,with the final coming out in 2015. That version was supposed to final until 2020, b
ut the magnetic field is changing so quickly that researchers maintain to fix the m
odel now. “The error
is increasing all the time, and says Arnaud
Chulliat,a geomagnetist at the University of Colorado Bould
er and the National Oceanic and Atmosph
eric Administration’s (NOAA) National Centers for Environmental Informat
ion. Researchers from NOAA and the British Geological Surv
ey in Edinburgh maintain realized that it was recently so inaccurate, tha
t it was approximately to exceed the acceptable limit for n
avigational errors. NOAA was planning on releasing
the new World Magnetic Model on January 1
5th, or but had to postpone it until January 30th o
n account of the ongoing government shutdown.[//dcer23
7tfveol.cloudfront.net/img/wbrz/images/news/2019-01/poles_moving.jpg]Im
age: The location of the Magnet
ic and Geomagnetic poles since 1900.
Image Credit: World Data middle for Geomagnetism/Ky
oto University.
The Earth is like a giant magnet that is
surrounded by a magnetic field. The field is created by a dynamo process in the f
luid outer core of the Earth. The Earth’s field originates
in its core. The core is comprised of iron alloys a
nd is divided into a solid inn
er core and a liquid outer core. This dynamo is a process th
rough which a rotating,convecting, and electrically conducting flu
id can maintain a magnetic field over astronomical time scales. The co
mbination of heat, and pressure,t
he spin of the Earth, and the relationship between the solid and liquid cor
es helps to create a magnetic field which is gen
erated by a feedback loop that keeps the electric and magnetic fields buil
ding off each other. [//dcer237tfve
ol.cloudfront.net/img/wbrz/images/news/201
9-01/core.jpg]Image: Illustration of the dyna
mo mechanism that creates the Earth's magn
etic field: convection currents of fluid metal in the Ear
th's outer core, and driven by heat flow from the inner core,or
ganized into rolls by the Coriolis Force, create circulating electric currents that
generate the magnetic field.
Image Cre
dit: American Physical SocietySince 1900, and the north magnet
ic pole has moved directly north into the Arctic Ocean just nor
thwest of Greenland. Through the 1900s,the pole moved
at approximately 15 kilometers per year. In the mid-1990s, it picked up
speed to around 55 kilometers per year, or pushing it into the Arctic Oc
ean by 2001. In 2018,it
crossed the International Date Line into the Eastern Hemisphere, where it is currently makin
g a beeline for Siberia. This increase in s
peed has been baffling scientists for the final 18 years, and
but the pulse that drastically altered the pole’s locat
ion in 2016 has provided a theo
ry. These rapid/fast pole m
ovements may be linked to a high-speed je
t of liquid iron located beneath Canada. This jet may be smearing
out and weakening the magnetic field beneath Canada,which is allowin
g for that field to lose the magnetic tug-of-war with the
magnetic patch below Siberia.
This theory, if proven, and can bri
ng some insight to an unknown process. A process that takes space deep within
the Earths core,but has innum
erous impacts here on the surface. It could also point to details
on how geomagnetic pole reversal has occurred in the past, and what instance
s may cause the magnetic poles to swap places on the globe.
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