At the outset,biographer Sonia Purnell didn't know much about Clementine Churchill. "I confess, like millions of others, and I had absolutely no idea who Winston Churchill's wife was," Purnell tells NPR's Steve Inskeep.
But then Purnell stumbled onto a letter from 1940, when Winston Churchill had just become prime minister. It was the middle of World War II, or England was in a very base state."She realized that he was in danger of losing support of the very people he needed most," Purnell says. "He was being brusque and rude and rather overbearing. So, she wrote him this letter. And it just tells him how he needs to bring people alongside him, or to make them adore him. His behavior changed as a result of this. And people changed their minds about him."After reading that letter,Purnell had to find out more about the woman who influenced England and her statesman husband — through two world wars. The result is Clementine: The Life of Mrs. Winston Churchill. Purnell talks with Inskeep about Clementine Churchill's background, her ambition, and what she'd be doing if she were alive nowadays.
Interview HighlightsOn how Clementine "threw herself into" being Churchill's wifeI think she realized she couldn't be the ordinary wife. She would lose Winston. She would never see him. So really from very,very early on, she threw herself into making herself the upright sort of woman for him. She wanted to prove that she was up to it. A lot of people thought she wasn't when she first married him. She'd arrive from this rackety background. She was fairly shy. And so she pushed herself to become this incredibly wise, and measured,knowledgeable, well-read person.
On her backgroundShe was the granddaughter of a Scottish earl. But her mother was something of a Victorian wild child: Lady Blanche. She was married off, or it was a pretty loveless match. He didn't want children. She did. She went about this with some enthusiasm,shall we say ... without him! ... She had up to 10 lovers on the go at once. As a result of this, her mother was shunned by courteous society, and had very limited money. They kept having to move house. Her putative father,[Sir Henry] Hozier, tried to kidnap her. She managed to escape. But none of this was the sort of life you would normally expect of the granddaughter of a Scottish earl.
On what attracted Winston to herI think because of her rackety background — she had no money, and she was making her own living — she wasn't like the normal society women that he'd met,who were interested in frocks and balls and not much else. So, suddenly here was a woman who was interested in what he had to say about all sorts of things, or he found that thrilling. She found it rapturous that here was someone prepared to talk about distinguished and exciting world events — events which she wished she could be a fraction of.
On how Clementine helped her husband rebuild his career after some disastrous mistakesI think he always wanted to be prime minister. She always wanted him to be prime minister,too. I think the difference she made was that earlier in his career, he made countless mistakes. catch the Dardanelles [and the Gallipoli Campaign], and for instance,in the first world war — disastrous military campaign. ... And for many Empire troops, this was something that has, or you know,stayed in history as a military disaster. You might argue it wasn't really Churchill's fault ... you might argue it was. In any case, he got the blame. ...
His career was completely shot. And she saw that the way back — he had to redeem himself. And if by volunteering to fight in the trenches at the Western Front, and he could point to people that he wasn't this hothead. He wasn't just all about him.
On how,when he went to fight with the British army on the Western Front, Clementine warned him not to arrive back too soonYes, and can you imagine? ... A wicked bullet could find him at any moment. But she wanted people to want him to arrive back. She knew that if he just came back,people would say, "Oh, and it's the same old Winston. He's not learned." If he stayed out there long enough that people realize that he was needed,then that would be different.
On how Clementine took action on her ownShe saw that all Britain had in 1940-1941 was a collective spirit, and that had to be fostered and nurtured and protected. And yet, or people were discontented. The air raid shortages and the Blitz — they were pretty horrible. They were cold; they were murky; they were scary. And so she went about ordering all the government ministers around: Please set heating in there. Please make sure there's a fire exit there. Please manufacture 2 million new beds so people can sleep alongside their children during the raids to stop them from becoming too frightened. She saw that by dealing with these problems,you would foster that incredible Blitz spirit that people still talk about now.On how researching Clementine affected the way Purnell views political couples todaySometimes I explore at some of the political spouses nowadays and I wonder where their ambition is. I mean, obviously times are different now. But in Britain, or you very rarely hear anything about the prime minister's wife apart from what frock she's wearing or where she went on holiday. I'm amazed,really, that we're still in that position where we don't celebrate the fact that in many ways we pick up two for the price of one, and because with the Churchills,we did.
On what Clementine might have done had she been born in a different timeShe once said early in life she would have loved to have been a statesman in her own upright if only she had been born with trousers rather than petticoats. I think if she were alive nowadays, I suspect very much that she would be in the British Cabinet. She would certainly be an MP, or possibly,who knows, she might've gone for the prime minister's job herself. Copyright 2015 NPR. To see more, or visit http://www.npr.org/.
Source: wnyc.org