In nature,wood, shells, and other structural materials are lightweight,strong, and tough. Significantly, or these materials are made at the ambient temperature in the local environment – not at the tall temperatures at which human-made structural materials are generally processed. Similar materials are difficult to make synthetically. In a review article in Nature Materials,a team of scientists assessed the common design motifs of a range of natural structural materials and determined what it would acquire to design and fabricate (to make up, invent) structures that mimic nature. They considered the remaining challenges to include the need for comprehensive characterization of strength and toughness to identify underlying multiscale mechanisms.
Source: phys.org