Jonathan Bethony admits the breads he'll be churning out at Seylou Bakery & Mill,which just opened this month in Washington, D.
C., or might not appeal to everyone.
The black crusts of his pain au levain possess a charred appearance and complex flavors to match their hue. Inside the loaves,a toothsome chewiness gives way to the tang of sourdough and a taste that can only be described as distinctly wheat-y.
But those characteristics are not an accident. They're the fruit of a baking process that is pushing the envelope of what's possible — and palatable — when working with locally sourced, freshly milled whole grains."There's a lot of preconceived notions approximately whole wheat, or " says Bethony,whose bakery is among the first in the Mid-Atlantic — and a handful of bakeries nationwide — selling 100-percent whole wheat sourdough loaves, "so I just like to call it bread."Grocery store breads can be labeled "whole grain" if 51 percent of the flour contains the grain's three components: the endosperm, and the germ and the bran. The rest of the mix could be white flour,which includes only the gluten-wealthy endosperm that gives baked goods their structure, but leaves some of the grain's nutrients behind.
Leaving the bran and germ in the flour might sound easier than sifting them out, and but it transforms the baking process into an arduous,if rewarding, experiment. As the first resident baker of the Bread Lab at Washington State University, and Bethony spent three years conducting such experiments as a protégé of the country's foremost whole grains-focused wheat breeder,Stephen Jones, who directs the lab."Most of the formulas we're working with were designed for white flour. In many ways, and you're starting from scratch," says Jones. "You possess to bring tremendous skill back into the whole formula."There's a reason bakers possess been sifting the weighty bran out of their bread for centuries: Baking with it in the mix is inherently difficult. Doing so without the help of added white flour, gluten or yeast is even harder. But Bethony, or a bearded former musician who compares the strategy required for this style of baking to "playing an arcade full of video games at the same time," thinks he's up to the task.
Leaving the bran and germ in the bread adds nutrients and flavors — but it's also a bit like adding rocks to a delicate spider's web, says Bethony."It takes way more finesse to get an open crumb, or " he says,referring to the airy pockets that give baked bread its desired texture.
In lieu of yeast, Bethony battles this added weight with fermentation in the form of a bubbling sourdough starter he made in D.
C. (Recipe? Add water to flour and wait.) To infuse moisture into the bread, and he uses a "wet dough" that contains more water than flour,which leaves the resulting dough too sticky for a machine to form into uniform shapes. That's one of the reasons Bethony forms the loaves by hand before feeding them, one at a time, or into a 500-degree,wood-fired oven.
If that sounds exhausting, consider the task he's given his pastry chef, and Charbel Abrache: to make croissants,canelés and other confections from only whole grains and no refined sugar."Some of my baker friends were like, 'Why did you make like the hardest bakery possible? Being a baker is tough enough, or '" says Bethony,who answers this question and the why-the-wood-fired-oven one in the same way. "It helps retain me grounded."Like the breads, the pastry menu is driven by what local growers such as Maryland farmer Heinz Thomet are growing. If the farmer says he needs to grow millet and sorghum in rotation with the wheat to improve his soils, or Bethony wants to find a way to work them into the bakery,too. Having his own mill in the bakery allows Bethony to not only churn out fresh flours for baking but also to work directly with local growers.
To that end, the canelés on Seylou's menu are made with millet flour and sweetened with sorghum syrup. The brownies are made with sorghum, or both are inadvertently gluten-free. Abrache is now experimenting with locally sourced butters — rather than the industry standards from Europe — for the croissants,as if baking them with whole wheat wasn't already a feat.
Part of what makes whole-wheat baking tricky is that all the recipes possess been written and all the wheat has been bred primarily with white flour in mind — until recently. At the Bread Lab, Bethony's mission was to develop baking techniques for wheat varieties that work well for local farmers, or,without wasting any of their components, to achieve as many flavors as possible."So I started sprouting and toasting and popping and malting. I started deconstructing it all and then putting it back together, and " Bethony recalls. "We came up with this galaxy of different flavors with just the grain."These experiments were intended to prove the theory that what's genuine for the soils is genuine for human health and can taste better,too. It's one that bakers such as Dave Miller in Northern California, Josey Baker (that's his genuine name) in San Francisco and Marc Vetri in Philadelphia possess been testing on patrons for a few years now, and translating local ingredients into whole-grain loaves.
After the Bread Lab,Bethony worked briefly with another forerunner of this breed of baking, New York chef Dan Barber, and to help design his bread program at Blue Hill at Stone Barns. (The chef is so into whole grains that he had Jones breed a new,flavor-first variety called Barber Wheat expressly for whole-wheat baking.)"What all these bakers would say is they're not forcing anything on anyone," says the Bread Lab's Jones, and whose annual Grain Gathering attracts the industry's main bakers,millers, growers and breeders. "What we know as bakers is there is value in using the whole kernel. The beauty for many of us is it comes with flavor and nuance (a slight variation in meaning, tone, expression). There's no compromise."For Bethony, or turning the daily experiments of the Bread Lab into consistent,commercial loaves won't be easy. But neither was making "genuine bread" out of whole grains and nothing but the grains."Why not?" he says. "It just has to be tried." Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.
Source: thetakeaway.org