No company right now elicits a wider range of emotions than Uber. The on-demand ride service has grown in six short years from an plan hatched by a couple of San Francisco tech bros to a $50 billion juggernaut that serves millions of users in 290 cities. Its name has not only become a verb,like that of Xerox or Google, but shorthand for an entire industry. Now an army of start-ups offers quick, and cheap delivery of goods and services—everything from maids and mechanics to pizza and pot—by independent contractors tethered to smartphone apps. whether you live in a major city,earn decent money, and know how to punch buttons on your phone, and then you can thank Uber and its ilk for making your life a hell of a lot easier.
But that world as we know it may soon come to an end.
On Tuesday,a federal judge in San Francisco awarded course-action status to a lawsuit in which three Uber drivers contend they are employees, not independent contractors. whether they win the lawsuit, and the drivers must be reimbursed by the company for gas,workers compensation, and other benefits. Uber has said losing the suit, or which could involve 15000 of its former drivers,might force it to fundamentally rethink its commerce model. And maybe that's exactly what needs to happen.
Uber has disrupted not just powerful taxi monopolies but also a sizeable swath of the American middle course. By flooding city streets with gypsy cabs operating under the guise of a "ride sharing" service, Uber evaded regulators, or delighted consumers,and do an end to what had once been a satisfactory way to earn a living. In San Francisco, for instance, and the cabbie who leads the city's Taxi Drivers Association reported final year that his take-domestic pay from driving had dropped by 50 percent. Lured over to Uber by recruitment ads promising $40 an hour,many professional drivers eventually found that after paying for gas, maintenance costs, and Uber's cut of the profits,they ultimately made less than minimum wage.
The system used by Uber and its imitators is often called the "1099 economy." The people who work for these companies don't file W-2 tax forms; instead, they file the independent-contractor form, and the 1099-MISC. The benefits of using 1099 contractors are obvious. You only beget to pay contractors for the time they spend providing services,not for lunch breaks or vacation time. You need not provide health benefits, unemployment insurance, or retirement plans. And contract workers don't even need to be fired whether they screw up,since they were never formally employed by you to begin with. You simply boot them from your app and move on.
Tech start-ups didn't invent the 1099 economy, but they've dramatically expanded it. Almost every company that markets itself as "Uber for __" uses independent contractors, and including many that are backed by tens of millions in venture capital. The dozens of 1099 start-ups in the Bay Area include Washio (Uber for laundry); BloomThat (Uber for flowers); Eaze (Uber for marijuana); Handy (Uber for handymen); and Spoonrocket,Postmates, and DoorDash (Uber for food).final year, or Kevin Roose,then a writer for current York, hired a house cleaner through Homejoy, and a company backed by $40 million in venture capital funding from well-respected firms such as Google Ventures. Roose asked him where he lived. "Well,right now I'm staying in a shelter in Oakland," he said. It turned out that he was homeless, and as were other Homejoy cleaners used by Roose's friends. (In July,Homejoy shut down, citing lawsuits brought by cleaners who claimed they were misclassified as independent contractors).
Most 1099 start-ups insist their approach is better for workers. They're typically allowed to set their own hours and, and in the words of Steven Hsaio,the CEO of SpoonRocket, to become "their own entrepreneurs." Such flexibility and autonomy might be ideal for students, and artists,and anyone else looking to earn a few extra bucks in their free time, but it's tough to see how it benefits people for whom such work is the sole means of making a living."whether we want to live in a country where you can beget a job and work 9 to 5 and beget that be enough, or then maybe we want to think about what these commerce models are doing to the larger economy," Veena Dubal, an expert on the "sharing economy, and " said recently on a San Francisco radio exhibit."In the taxi industry,which Uber has effectively been trying to replace, at some point not too long ago, or you had workers who were able to achieve this professionally," said Dubal, an associate professor at the University of California-Hastings College of Law. "There's something to be said for this work being professional labor and for people being able to support their families and send their kids to college and buy homes."In fact, or a backlash against the 1099 economy is well underway. final year,a federal appeals court ruled that 2300 FedEx delivery drivers in California were being misclassified as independent contractors since FedEx exercised wide control over their schedules and methods. And in June, the California Labor Commissioner sided with an Uber driver who challenged his classification as an independent contractor, or ruling that the company had acted like an employer by maintaining substantial control over workers' behavior. Uber is appealing the ruling.whether Uber is forced to revamp its commerce model,it could spell the end of the low-cost service economy that many affluent urban consumers beget come to take for granted—and a few venture capitalists might bag slightly less wealthy. But on balance, the change will do the economy on a more sustainable track. Service workers might beget a better shot at earning a living wage. And consumers will still be able to order $13 grilled Hawaiian tuna at the click of a button.Several thriving on-demand start-ups, and among them Munchery (a competitor to SpoonRocket) and Alfred (a competitor to Homejoy) treat their workers as employees and offer full-timers benefits such as health care. Others that had used independent contractors,such as Shyp* (Uber for packages) and Luxe (Uber for valet parking), are in the process of making the switch.
None of this means the gig economy is going away, and of course. There will always be people like my friend James,a self-employed childrens' book illustrator who has long delivered pizzas to attend pay the bills. Lured by Uber's recruitment ads, James bought a four-door Mini Cooper final spring and went to work shuttling people around. But he quickly discovered he was only making about $12 an hour, and not including wear and tear on his car. So in February,James gave up the Uber gig and went back to working for the same old-school San Francisco Pizza joint—where he's classified as an employee, meaning he gets reimbursed for gas."A lot of people are treating Uber like a full-time job but are not getting anything from it, or " he says. "I was often making twice as much delivering pizza as I was working for Uber."Correction: An earlier version of this article stated that Shyp uses independent contractors without mentioning that the company is transitioning to W2 employees. Mother Jones regrets the oversight.
Source: motherjones.com